We've already seen the idea of harnessing the power of human motion to generate electricity used in many fields, including footwear, roads, and, just this week, an implantable stimulator device for treating injured tendons,media reported. One of these possibilities is a floor that can power electronic devices, and scientists at ETH Zurich have now developed an efficient form of this technology that is powerful enough to power LED light bulbs and small electronic devices.
Selama bertahun-tahun, para ilmuwan telah menyelidiki sejumlah solusi lantai inovatif yang mampu menghasilkan listrik dari gerakan manusia, termasuk ubin keramik untuk penggunaan di dalam dan luar ruangan, dan kayu spons yang mengandalkan efek piezoelektrik untuk menghasilkan tegangan di bawah tekanan mekanis. Contoh baru ini memiliki beberapa kesamaan dengan contoh lain yang kami lihat pada tahun 2016, di mana para ilmuwan menyematkan serat nano selulosa ke lantai kayu, menciptakan muatan listrik saat digetarkan melalui apa yang disebut-efek triboelektrik.
The triboelectric effect also forms the basis for the new smart wood floor, which consists of two treated wood veneers with electrodes layered underneath. But to get the performance to the desired level, some tinkering is required to address the limited power generation capacity of wood. "Wood is basically neutral," said Guido Panzarasa, senior author of the study. "This means that wood has no real tendency to gain or lose electrons. So the challenge is to make wood able to attract and lose electrons."
The team's solution involved coating one piece of wood with a silicone that readily gains electrons on contact, and embedding metal ions and organic molecules on another piece of wood, giving it a higher propensity to lose electrons. This treatment was tested on different species of wood cut in different directions, and the team then found the most efficient option, radially cut spruce.
Menurut para ilmuwan, perawatan ini membuat kayu mereka 80 kali lebih efisien dalam menghasilkan listrik daripada kayu alami, dan memberikan output yang stabil di bawah tekanan konstan hingga 1.500 siklus. Dibentuk menjadi lantai seukuran kertas A4, bahan ini dapat menghasilkan listrik yang cukup untuk menyalakan lampu LED rumah tangga, kalkulator, dan elektronik kecil lainnya.
Panzarasa said: "Our focus was to demonstrate the possibility of modifying wood with a relatively environmentally friendly procedure to have a triboelectric effect. Spruce is cheap, available, and has good mechanical properties. This method of functionalization is quite Simple and scalable on an industrial level. It's just an engineering problem."
Scientists are now working to improve their handling of wood to make it more eco-friendly and easier to apply as they work towards commercial application. To their advantage, the "dynamo" maintains the natural look and durability of wood floors, which could make it an attractive option for style-conscious designers in future smart buildings.
"The ultimate goal is to understand the potential of wood, beyond those already known, and to give wood new properties for future sustainable smart buildings," said Panzarasa. The research was published in the journal Matter.
